高校生英語集｜大学受験基礎120語

高校生が英文読解・英作文・リスニングに取り組むための基礎英単語集です。高校初級から大学受験基礎までを想定し、抽象的な名詞、論理を表す語、頻出動詞、社会・科学分野の語を例文とともに整理しています。

学習方針

単語の意味を一つだけでなく、例文の中で確認する
名詞・動詞・形容詞・副詞の品詞を意識する
例文の主語・動詞・修飾関係を確認して音読する
1日10語を基本とし、3日後・1週間後・1か月後に復習する
似た語、反対語、語法もまとめて覚える

難易度

レベル	名称	目標
2	定着	高校教科書の基本語を使う
3	応用	長文読解の頻出語を理解する
4	錬成	抽象語・論理語を英作文で使う

1. 抽象的な名詞

No.	English	日本語	Example
001	ability	能力	Everyone has the ability to learn.
002	advantage	利点	This plan has one important advantage.
003	behavior	行動・振る舞い	His behavior surprised us.
004	cause	原因	We need to find the cause of the problem.
005	consequence	結果・影響	Every action has a consequence.
006	decision	決定	It was a difficult decision.
007	effort	努力	Her effort led to success.
008	evidence	証拠	There is no evidence for this idea.
009	experience	経験	Travel gives us valuable experience.
010	knowledge	知識	Knowledge is useful in many situations.
011	opportunity	機会	This is a good opportunity to practice.
012	purpose	目的	What is the purpose of this meeting?

2. 頻出動詞

No.	English	日本語	Example
013	achieve	達成する	She achieved her goal.
014	affect	影響を与える	Sleep affects our health.
015	assume	仮定する・思い込む	We should not assume that it is easy.
016	avoid	避ける	Try to avoid unnecessary stress.
017	consider	よく考える	Please consider both sides.
018	contribute	貢献する	Everyone can contribute to the project.
019	determine	決定する・突き止める	The test will determine the result.
020	develop	発達させる・開発する	Reading develops our imagination.
021	establish	確立する・設立する	The school was established in 1950.
022	improve	改善する	Practice will improve your skills.
023	involve	含む・関係させる	The job involves meeting many people.
024	require	必要とする	This work requires patience.
025	respond	返答する・反応する	She responded to my question.
026	suggest	提案する・示唆する	The data suggests a different answer.
027	reduce	減らす	We must reduce plastic waste.
028	remain	依然として〜のままである	The problem remains unsolved.

3. 状態・変化を表す動詞

No.	English	日本語	Example
029	appear	現れる・〜のように見える	A rainbow appeared in the sky.
030	apply	適用する・申し込む	I applied for the scholarship.
031	arise	生じる	A new problem arose.
032	contain	含む	This box contains old letters.
033	exist	存在する	Many kinds of life exist in the ocean.
034	indicate	示す	The sign indicates the direction.
035	occur	起こる	Accidents can occur at any time.
036	prevent	防ぐ	Exercise can prevent some diseases.
037	represent	表す・代表する	The red line represents the average.
038	reveal	明らかにする	The study revealed an important fact.
039	vary	さまざまである・変わる	Prices vary from shop to shop.
040	depend	依存する	Success depends on your effort.

4. 論理・文章構成

No.	English	日本語	Example
041	although	〜だけれども	Although it was cold, we went outside.
042	therefore	したがって	It was raining; therefore, we stayed home.
043	however	しかしながら	However, there is another possibility.
044	moreover	さらに	Moreover, the plan is inexpensive.
045	instead	その代わりに	We walked instead of taking a bus.
046	otherwise	さもなければ	Hurry up; otherwise, you will be late.
047	whether	〜かどうか	I don't know whether he will come.
048	while	〜する間・一方で	She listened while I was speaking.
049	unless	〜でない限り	You cannot enter unless you have a ticket.
050	despite	〜にもかかわらず	Despite the rain, the game continued.
051	according	〜によれば	According to the report, sales increased.
052	especially	特に	I like fruit, especially apples.

5. 学問・情報

No.	English	日本語	Example
053	academic	学問の・学術的な	She has a strong academic interest in history.
054	analysis	分析	The analysis shows a clear trend.
055	approach	方法・取り組み	We need a new approach to the problem.
056	data	データ	The data supports his opinion.
057	factor	要因	Cost is an important factor.
058	method	方法	This method is simple and effective.
059	process	過程	Learning is a gradual process.
060	research	研究	The research was published last year.
061	theory	理論	The theory explains the results.
062	source	情報源・源	We need a reliable source.
063	subject	科目・主題	My favorite subject is biology.
064	issue	問題・論点	Climate change is a global issue.

6. 社会・経済・政治

No.	English	日本語	Example
065	community	地域社会	The community worked together.
066	government	政府	The government announced a new policy.
067	individual	個人	Each individual has a responsibility.
068	industry	産業	The automobile industry is changing.
069	economy	経済	The economy is slowly recovering.
070	policy	政策	The city introduced a new policy.
071	population	人口	The population is increasing.
072	poverty	貧困	Education can help reduce poverty.
073	society	社会	Technology changes society.
074	tradition	伝統	We should respect local traditions.
075	volunteer	ボランティア	Many students volunteer on weekends.
076	citizen	市民	Every citizen has rights and duties.

7. 科学・環境・健康

No.	English	日本語	Example
077	environment	環境	We must protect the environment.
078	species	種・種族	This species is in danger.
079	resource	資源	Water is a valuable resource.
080	energy	エネルギー	Solar energy is clean.
081	pollution	汚染	Air pollution is a serious problem.
082	climate	気候	The climate is becoming warmer.
083	disease	病気	Scientists are studying the disease.
084	health	健康	Regular exercise is good for your health.
085	medical	医療の	Medical technology is improving.
086	physical	身体の・物理的な	Physical activity is important.
087	mental	心の・精神的な	Sleep is important for mental health.
088	technology	技術	Technology helps us communicate.

8. 重要な形容詞

No.	English	日本語	Example
089	available	利用できる	The information is available online.
090	certain	確かな・ある	I am certain that he is right.
091	common	共通の・よくある	This is a common mistake.
092	complete	完全な	We need a complete answer.
093	complex	複雑な	It is a complex problem.
094	effective	効果的な	This is an effective method.
095	essential	不可欠な	Water is essential for life.
096	likely	ありそうな	It is likely to rain.
097	major	主要な・大きな	This is a major change.
098	recent	最近の	I read a recent report.
099	similar	似ている	Our ideas are similar.
100	various	さまざまな	We discussed various topics.

9. 重要な副詞・程度表現

No.	English	日本語	Example
101	nearly	ほとんど・もう少しで	Nearly half of the students agreed.
102	mainly	主に	The class is mainly for beginners.
103	generally	一般に	People generally prefer simple answers.
104	actually	実際に	I actually enjoyed the experience.
105	probably	おそらく	He will probably arrive soon.
106	gradually	徐々に	The weather gradually improved.
107	completely	完全に	The room was completely empty.
108	directly	直接	Please contact me directly.
109	recently	最近	I recently visited the museum.
110	simply	簡単に・単に	The answer is simply yes or no.

10. 頻出熟語・語法

No.	English	日本語	Example
111	be responsible for	〜に責任がある	We are responsible for our actions.
112	be familiar with	〜をよく知っている	Are you familiar with this word?
113	be interested in	〜に興味がある	I am interested in science.
114	be likely to	〜しそうである	She is likely to win.
115	take part in	〜に参加する	Many students took part in the event.
116	deal with	〜に対処する	We must deal with this problem.
117	depend on	〜に依存する	Success depends on preparation.
118	lead to	〜につながる	Small actions can lead to change.
119	result in	〜という結果になる	Lack of sleep may result in mistakes.
120	in addition to	〜に加えて	In addition to English, she studies French.

高校英語の基本確認

`It is important for us to ... .`：私たちにとって…することは重要です
`There is / There are ... .`：…があります
`The reason is that ... .`：その理由は…です
`Although ... , ... .`：…だけれども、…です
`If ... , ... .`：もし…なら、…です
`I have never ... .`：私は一度も…したことがありません
`The book written by ...`：…によって書かれた本
`This is the best way to ... .`：これは…する最もよい方法です

学習の進め方

段階	学習内容
1	001〜040を音読し、基本動詞と抽象名詞を定着させる
2	041〜080を長文の段落ごとに確認する
3	081〜120を英作文・要約・入試問題で使う

次の拡張

高校必修2000語：教科書・共通テスト頻出語を追加
大学受験3000語：長文読解・評論・科学系語彙を追加
英熟語1000：動詞＋前置詞・句動詞・構文を追加

メタデータ

対象：高校1〜3年生
教科：英語
分野：単語・熟語・英文読解・英作文
収録数：120語・熟語
難易度：定着〜錬成
更新日：2026-09-26